mackintosh



W. B. MACKINTUSH.

GAGE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEZT, l9l8,

Patented Sept. 23, 1919.

i Be it known'tlaat I, WILLIAM B. Y Toen?, a citizen oitheUnitedStateaiandl a irren Arana? onirica Wenen/I er? paneel-a:MICHIGAN,sunmanagers maar@ moet INC... QF man 1?- e @meenemen GAQ@ ToVali whom t may. concern? MAGEN- Y resident of the city'of Detroit,`county of Wayne, and vStatt-S 0f 'Mi-chiganv,V have invented certain newand Vuseful Improvements in Gages, of which the following 1s aspecification. i p

This inv-n-tion` relates to `that A class of gages whichy a liquidcolumn is employed with means to.v vary the height ofthe colt spo umn,inl order to indicate variations; in the dimensions oii the parts beingmeasured. These devices are in their nature micrometer gages, with ahighly sensitive liquid column to.' indicate variations the dimensionsof the parts measured. .n

@neef the main objectsl of the invention is to increase the sensitiveness andV accuracy of gagesoff-the type hereinindicated.

Another object of the invention istofpro videl a glass. to contain theliquid column vand to form saidi glass with Va plurality of longitudinalapertures of different diameters, `and` to. so mount the glass that thedesired: Vaperture :may be brought intov register with the liquid"chamber of the gage in orderto vary the sensitiveness of the device. Itis obvious that in gages of thistype the `finer. the column of:indicatingliquid the more sensitive the device.; andit is desirabletof-Y. vary the sensitiveness ofi the gage to adaptitfor differentclasses of Work.

Another objectof the invention is to provide` improved means forcompensatingfor.

varying temperatures, in order that the normal level. of the liquidindicating column maybe maintained at a fixed point, iff desired.

There arev other important objectsandfadvantagesofthe invention whichVwilli appear hereinafter.

In the drawing,y Figurel.l is a sideV elevation of the gage; Y

lilig.V 2 a vertical sectional view-'of the main portion thereofshowingl the liquid chamber;

view; Y

i Eig. 32a vertical sectional view of the gage head: Iand.1 the meansfon attaching the glass tubei'for.- containing` the liquid column,' thetubebeing shown in side elevation andi the inclosing case being shownini sectional Fig. .4i a. horizontal sectional view on the lineLV-fIV'of Fig. l

` tiene@esagerate# Batenteelseptiaia application fue@ Juas e7, 191s.Vsena; No. ,aiazoa Y Figi` 5-a transverse sectional View7 oaf the glasstube for containing. a liquid indicatalsl @011mm 6 a verticalsectionalfviewof the; upper olf'ithe glass1-tubeg andi" Fig-."7 a planview ot thefgage head, the parts above the line VII-Vid of Fig; 3

Vbeing omitted.

.means ofE a clampingscnew 7. The table 5 forms one ofthe caflivperingi`members; To the upper end of the post 2' is secured the gage head 8,which extends laterally horizontally, and'` at its.A endf isenlargedtoj'orm a liquid chamber` 91. The 'chamber 9 is formedy in the undersideoii` the gageliead, and the lower wall thereois formed? horizontallyarnanged plunger '10,. said plungerf consistingA of; a thin flexibledia.- phragm 1u; clampedi between two circular plungen plates=12 and`lr3, sai'd plates-` being slightly smaller in: dia-meter thanl the;circularJ 'liquid `chamber; in order tot leavey a small: annulanring=like portion 14 of the diaphragm; free toiex between the marginaledgesoii the plates and.A the.;` marginal edge of-zthel liquid chamber.VThe. diaphragm` is heldi in place tothe` under side` of'. the gage head.byV meansgof 'adepending guideilf, said guidebeing formed at* itsupper`end with a laterally. 'extendingfannular lzmge;y `1.6, throughwhichrthe securingfboltspass. Connected rigidly to the plungerandi'extgnding downwardly.. through the guidei l5; ista. movface with' acentrally arranged! upwardly eX- tendingf cylindrical guide stem:V19,17; which entersa guiding recessonfcavity 20; formed in the gagehead?. Thel guide'. stem '19e is formed with! a. vertically.r extending4groene 21, which places the upper part of the cavity in communicationwith the liquid 'chamber 9 in all positions of the plungeri .tendingapertures 25,- 26 and 27, all of different diameters. The apertures areso arranged 'in the gage glass that by rotating 1t within the flange 22anydesired aperture Y may be brought into` register with the'pasber.AThis may be done either by slightlyA .sage 23 in the gage head. Thelower end of the gage glass is ground toft very accurately within theflange 22, and on the upper surface of the gage head so that there willbe practically no4 leakagey of liquid at the bottom of the glass. Theliquid is withdrawn from the aperture inthe gage glass before the glassis roel tated tobring the newv aperture into register with the openingfrom Vthe fluid chamdepressing the plunger by means of .the movable gagemember 17; or by flexing the diaphragm 42 by withdrawing the screw 43.

'The gage .glass is formed with Va collar 28, which is adapted to reston the upper surface ofthe flange 2.2; and on said flange is adapted tobe placed a compressible washer 29. The eXteriorof the flange 22 isthreaded to receive a gland nut 30, which is formed with aninwardly-extending flange adaptedy to engage and compress the washer29,'and thereby secure the gage glass in position, andto cause it tobear against the upper surfacewof the y gage head withl the desiredpressure. Secured to the gage glass `is a collar 31, by means of whichit may be the selected aperture is in rotated; and on said collar areplaced suitable indicating characters 32, by means of which the desiredaperture in the gage glass may be selected and brought into registerwith the aperture 23 in the gage head. An indicator 33, isV rigidlysecured to the gage head at the proper point to indicate when registerwith the passage 23. v The gage glass may be formed'in anysuitablemanner, but I prefer to construct it of three separatetubesjoined as indicated in Fig. 5, each tube section being provided at theinner side of each aperture with a shield 34 of suitable material,lembedded in the glass tol facilitate 4the reading of the position ofthe liquid column and to shield each aperture from the other aperturesin the gage glass. It is manifest that thegage glassmay be formed solidwith three apertures, but -it is thought that it maybe VAmore Vreadily-,formed in sections, and the'sections then secured together byzasuitable. cement. Thegage glass will be provided with suitableindicating or gage marlzsrfor each aper- V'ture,'said gage marks beingsuitably spaced apart vto adapt themfor use with the parf ticularaperture to whichthey are applied.

To the upper end of the gage glass'issecureda chamber 35 having arestricted passage 36, atits upper end; a filling cup 37, being formedat the topof the chamber 35 and communicating .therewith through therestrictedpassage 36.` By providingfthe"len-n 'largedirvchamber' 35which at itsllower end v is inicommunicati'on with all of the apertures`in thegage glass', any liquid which might bendriven up through theapertures by a sudden upwardV pressureon the plunger will i be caughtrinVsaid chamber. 'The passage 36 being outof verticalline with theapertures and being very restricted, will prevent any ofrthe liquidescaping upwardly there- `through..Said passage, however, isof sufii- YY cientV capacity to permit the `device to be fi1led. V

Thegage glass is inclosed `within a Vfixed casing 38,7whose' lower endis screwed to the Y upper endV of thegland nut 30, -The said casing iscutout at39, toexpo'se the gage markson` the gage glass; and is also cutout at 40, to permit of the manipulation of vthe collar31.V l f Y Y n Ylevel` of the indicate ing column of liquid tri-,compensate for va.`

In order4 to Vary the soV riations in temperature, a small chamber 41fis formed in thegage head,` the upper-wall of said chamberbeingformed-by a *small flexible diaphragm 42 of any suitable material.V Ascrew 43V is threaded through the gage head, its lowerend-engaging `thediaphragm in order that :said diaphragm may be flexed by rotating-saidscrew.V It is manifest that through the operation of the screw 43 thecapacity of chamber 9Y may be slightly Y i changed` to vary the heightof the liquid column inthe gage glass, in order to bring the column tothe proper level, should the normal level be disturbed by changes intem- Y Y In the drawings, the guide 19 andthe gage member 17 areshowneasintegrah but of course', it will be understood that they may beformed separately and secured tothe plungerflO in' any suitableVmanner.AY It is also to be understood that theguide 15 may be`dispensed with, andthat the ,gage member 17 AVmay be merely-ashortfcalipering point connected directly to the lower side of theplunger 10.l The purposeof the guide 19 lis' to insure the centering ofthe plunger 10 in all its movements, and to secu-rea unii formcontraction and expansion of, thezliquid 'chamber at all points, duringthepmove'- ment ofthe plunger. The free portionof lthe diaphragm betweenthema'rginal edges i of the plunger plates 12M* and113`andthe'marginaledgeof :the liquid chamber will be as small as possible, whilepermitting the necessary vertical movement of the plunger,

Vthe purpose being to as nearlyY asfpossible secure a uniform expansionand contraction of the l1qu1d chamber Vduring the vibrations -of theplunger. This desirable uniform contraction and expansion of the liquidchamber Y ing ,the plunger platesas large as possible is to reducethepossibility of error through the distortion of the flexible portion ofthe diaphragm, so that when the plunger returns toits normal positiomtheindicating column of liquid will return to its normal gage mark.Ordinarily flexible" diaphragms Yare liable to be distorted'in operationto such an extent that when the movable gage member is returned toitsnormal position, the height of the indicating columnof liquid will bechanged, necessitating a readjustment of the movable gage pointsordinarily used on gagesof this-type. Y

In using a gage of this character, astandard piece of accurate size isrstV calipered or gaged and the height of the liquid indicating columnis marked with a suitable gage finger or point. Other Vgage lingers orVpoints are thenarranged above and below the standard gage point, thesegage points indicating the over and under. size limits. Thereafter inthe use of the gagekif the piece gaged is too large the liquid columnwill rise to a point above the over-size gage point. If the partmeasured is too small, the liquid column will not rise to the under-sizegage point. Y l

Because of the area ofthe plungerlO, a very-slight movement of themovable gage member will cause considerable variationin the height ofthe liquid column, so thatvery minute differences in sizes of the partsmeasured will be greatly magnified byV the movements of the indicatingcolumn. By providing a gage glassV having'liquidcolumns ofdilierent'diameters, the `columns of larger diameter may be used for thelarger-over and under size limits.

What I claim is: Y Y Y l. A gage, comprising a support, a fixed gagemember, a movable gage member, a gage head formedzwith a `liquidchamber, a

plunger closing-the lower side of said cham- Y ber, said movable Vgagemember being connected to the under side of said plunger a central rigidvertically extending stem con- 'i f and provided withgage marks.

25A gage, comprising a supporta fixed 'gage member, .a .movable gagemember, a

' gage head formed with a liquid chamber, a

plunger closing-the lower side of said chamberand comprising adiaphragm,circular means for holding said diaphragm rigid throughout its are-a,except fora slight marginal portion adjacentl the marginal edge of theliquid chamber, whereby said plunger may x be slightly movednvertically, said plunger carrying the movablegage member, i

a central rigid vertically extending Vstem connected to the upper sideof said plunger, meansifor guiding said stem inthe gage head, and a gageglass having an aperture in communication with the liquid chamber andprovided with gage marks.

3. A gage, comprising a support,la.rigid gage member carried thereby, agage head `formed with a liquidchamben afplun'ger closing the lower sideof said chamber, a

movable gage member connected to said plunger, a gage glass formed witha plurality of longitudinally extending apertures, and means for mountinthe gage glass on the gage head to permit any one of said apertures tobe brought into communication with the liquid chamber in the gage head.

4. A gage, comprising a gage head, a gage glass mounted thereon andprovided with a plurality of longitudinally extending apertures7 andmeans f-orcausing a column of indicating liquid to rise in any one ofsaid apertures.

5. A gage, comprising a gage head, a gage glass mounted thereon andprovided with a plurality of longitudinally extending apertures ofdifferent diameters, and means for causing a column of indicating liquidto rise in any one of said apertures.

`6. A gage, comprising a support, a rigid gage member carried thereby, agage head formed with a liquidchamber, a plunger closing the lower sideof said chamber, la movable gage member connected to said plunger, agage glass formed with a pluinto communication with the liquid chamber'in the gage head.

7. A gage, comprising a gage head, agage glass mounted thereon andprovided with a plurality of longitudinally extending apertures, VmeansVfor causing a column of indicating liquid to rise in any one of saidapertures, and means in the gage glass to shield each of said aperturesat the inner side lereof. h d

8. age, comprisin a gage ea a a e glass mgdunted thereon i(dnd providedwifhga Yplurality of longitudinally extending apertures, meansforcausing a column of indicating liquid to r1se 1n any one of saidapertures, means 1n the gage glass to shield each formed'with a liquidchamber, a plunger f closing .the lower side of said chamber, a .movablegage. member connected to said plunger, a gage glass formedv With aplural ityA of longitudinally extending apertures, v means for mountingthe gage glass on the gage head to permit any one osaid aperturesV to bebrought into communication .with the liquid chamber in theV age head,

and means for indicating Which 0 the apertures is in ,communication Withthejliquid I 1 chamber.

I copies of this patent may be obtained for vfive cents each; ybyaddressing WashingtomD. C.

10. A gage, comprising a gage head, La liquid chamber therein, a plungerforming one side of said chamber and carrying a lmovable gage member, agage glass having a longitudinal aperture in communication.A

with said liquid chambera chamber connected to the upper end of the gaveglass and in communication With the longitudinal aperture therein, saidchamber being formed with a contracted opening at its upper end,

and a `filling cup on top of said-Chamber and` in communication withsaid contracted passage. i Y This Vspeeidication signed this 5th dav ofJ une A. D. .1918. e Y WILLIAM B. MAoKiNTosH.

the Commissioner of Patents.

